Capacitor is an electronic device that stores electric energy through electric field. Capacitors, very widely used in electronics. In this article, I will explain a simple but important topic about the capacitors.
Actually, both capacitor type does same job. Yes same :). Then why are there two types of capacitor? The main reason is the physical constraints. The most important factors affecting the size of the capacitor are voltage and capacity. Higher capacity means larger size.
The most widely used non-polarized capacitor is ceramic type. Manufacturers don’t produce high capacity ceramic capacitor. Because their size will too increases. Also capacitor will be more unstable. Polarized capacitor provides more capacity in a smaller size. The most widely used polarized capacitor is electrolytic type.
So basically the difference is change of the manufacturing process for more capacity. This causes a polarized capacitor. Polarized capacitor usage is a necessity for higher capacity.
The most widely used non-polarized capacitor is ceramic type. Manufacturers don’t produce high capacity ceramic capacitor. Because their size will too increases. Also capacitor will be more unstable. Polarized capacitor provides more capacity in a smaller size. The most widely used polarized capacitor is electrolytic type.
So basically the difference is change of the manufacturing process for more capacity. This causes a polarized capacitor. Polarized capacitor usage is a necessity for higher capacity.
Non-polarized capacitor can be operated at higher frequencies than polarized capacitor. Leakage current in electrolytic capacitor is higher than ceramic capacitor. Also ESR(Equivalent series resistance) in electrolytic capacitor is higher than ceramic capacitor. Approximately ESR of a standard electrolytic capacitor is 500 times greater than ESR of ceramic capacitors.
P=(I^2)*R (it’s an amazing formula :) )
Non-polarized capacitor consumes less power due to this formula. It's mean that ceramic capacitor has more ripple current capacity.
Are Capacitor Types Interchangeable?
Polarized capacitors must be connected with the correct polarity. Otherwise capacitors explodes. Non-polarized capacitor can connect in both directions. Polarized capacitor can only be used in DC. Non-polarized capacitor used in both AC and DC.
Eventually, you can replace polarized capacitor with non-polarized. But you can’t replace non-polarized capacitor with polarized. Also you should be careful about ripple current capability.
Exploded Capacitor
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The worst translation ever. Eventually ;p one will find this unreadable; because it lacks content and continuity.
ReplyDeleteThanks for your comment. You are completely right. I will fix this article in the future. I'm improving my english skills day by day.
DeleteWell, I don't know if you have fixed anything yet, but the article made sense to me. Thanks for sharing your knowledge
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